Mechanism of action-

Ceftriaxone binds to one or more of the penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs) and inhibits bacterial cell wall synthesis which in turn inhibit the final transpeptidation step of peptidoglycan synthesis in bacterial cell walls, thus inhibiting cell wall biosynthesis. Cell lysis occures due to ongoing activity of cell wall autolytic enzymes (autolysins and murein hydrolases) while cell wall assembly is arrested.
Sulbactam is an irreversibly inhibits β-lactamase produced by bacterial cells, sulbactam is thereby able to prevent it from reducing antibiotic activity. Although, sulbactam alone possesses little useful antibacterial activity. The presence of sulbactam in formulations effectively extends the antibacterial spectrum.

Pharmacokinetics-

Ceftriaxone-
Volume of distribution of ceftriaxone is 5.78 to 13.5 L and is 95% bound to plasma protein. About 65% is excreted in urine and remaining portion is excreted in bile. The half-life is 5.8-8.7 hours.

Sulbactam-
About 38% of salbactum is bound to plasma protein and is mainly excreted in urine with a half-life of 1 hour.

Common side effects of the injection includes:

• Swelling, redness, pain, or soreness at the injection site
• Loss of appetite
• Nausea
• Vomiting
• Diarrhea
• Headache

This injection should not be used in the following conditions:

• Diarrhea from an infection with Clostridium difficile bacteria
• A type of blood disorder where the red blood cells burst called hemolytic anemia
• Liver problems
• Disease of the gallbladder
• Severe renal impairment
• Yellowing of the skin in a newborn child

Following drugs may interact with ceftriaxone:

• Argatroban
• BCG vaccine live
• Cholera vaccine
• Heparin
• Warfarin
• Doxycycline
• Chloramphenicol
• Minocycline
• Tetracycline